A guide to understanding the payment industry and its key components.
The mind map below shows an extensive outline of payment knowledge.
This gives us 𝐚 𝐭𝐨𝐩-𝐝𝐨𝐰𝐧 𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐲 and an overview of how the payment systems work.
Notice that different countries have different payment frameworks. But in general, the payment industry is composed of below parts:
Regulatory Authority
Central Bank
Commercial Banks
Non-Bank Payment Companies
Payment Systems
Clearing Networks
Settlement Systems
Here are some useful materials for your reference:
Payment Systems in the U.S. by GlenBrook
BIS (Bank for International Settlements) Website
PayPal documents
Stripe documents
SWIFT documents